This ordinance prohibits extraction of natural gas from new wells; and prohibits utilizing new extraction methods on pre-existing wells.

This policy brief addresses arguments facing university endowments on whether or not to divest from fossil fuel companies. From the advocates of divestment, endowments hear about the serious environmental damage already incurred, the frightening trajectory of the math and the benefit from taking a public stance on a critical ethical issue. From the skeptics they hear that screening will adversely affect risk and return and that the goal of any endowment should be to focus exclusively on returns. The math shown in Tables 1 and 2 does support the skeptics' view that screening negatively affects a portfolio's risk and return, but it also shows that the impact may be far less significant than presumed. It's beyond the scope of this paper to judge whether endowments should implement or avoid screening, but anyone on an endowment board facing that decision should at least do the math, in this case the investment math.

This model ordinance requires that a municipal public fund create a list of fossil fuel companies that match specific criteria and divest all direct and indirect holdings in companies on this list over a 3-year period. This model allows for temporary suspension of divestment actions when financially prudent, as well as requiring efforts to minimize the costs to public funds. This model also urges fiduciaries of local government investment pools to divest from fossil fuel companies. And this model provides a range of policy options, from urging asset managers of participant-directed retirement funds to create investment offerings that are devoid of holdings in fossil fuel companies, to reinvesting funds in socially responsible investments, to urging credit rating agencies to factor climate risks into their ratings of publicly held companies.

This report analyzes how fossil fuel reserves relate to global financial markets. The report finds that there are more fossil fuels listed on the world's capital markets than we can afford to burn if we are to prevent dangerous climate change. The capital markets have financed future fossil fuel development based on the false assumption that what the corporate sector have asked investors to finance can actually be burnt. The report finds that this over-capitalization of fossil fuels poses a large and currently unappreciated risk for the capital markets. In addition to providing analysis of the problem, the report provides several recommendations for resolving the capital markets' carbon bubble.

This report examines how a low-carbon world may impact the European oil industry. The International Energy Agency's World Energy Outlook (2012 edition) estimated that in order to have a 50% chance of limiting the rise in global temperatures to 2'C, only a third of current fossil fuel reserves can be burned before 2050. The balance of fossil fuels reserves would be regarded as "unburnable." This report addresses the how a reduction in fossil fuel use and project development may impact fossil fuel prices and the market value of fossil fuel companies.

This ordinance prohibits extraction of natural gas from new wells; and prohibits utilizing new extraction methods on pre-existing wells.

The ordinance prohibits extraction of natural gas from new wells; and prohibits utilizing new extraction methods on pre-existing wells.

The resolution declares that it is the policy of the City, where the city does not have control of the pension board and does not otherwise invest in fossil fuels stock, to not invest in fossil fuel companies, to review the city portfolio for holdings in fossil fuel companies, and to divest in holdings in fossil fuel companies.

This policy brief finds that climate change represents the single greatest long-term threat to our cities and citizens. Because of this threat, the brief recommends cities to not invest in companies that profit from fossil fuels, the main cause of climate change. The policy brief provides tools to begin a divestment campaign for cities with current investments in fossil fuel companies.

The ordinance prohibits extraction of natural gas from new wells; and prohibits utilizing new extraction methods on pre-existing wells.