MOD Fare Integration for Transit: A Case Study in the Los Angeles and Puget Sound Regions

Public transit services across the United States are highly fragmented with various methods of payment. The integration of fare payment systems can improve the efficiency and ease of public transit. This report discusses individual and collaborative efforts of public transit agencies and private companies to collect and integrate payment methods and information, with a focus on the Mobility on Demand (MOD) project in the Los Angeles and Puget Sound regions.