Public Agencies' Use of Biometrics to Prevent Fraud and Abuse: Risks and Alternatives

The COVID-19 pandemic increased public benefit applications and accelerated public agencies' use of biometric technology for identity verification. While biometric data (such as facial, finger, and voice recognition) offers benefits, it is sensitive and poses risks to individuals if and when data breaches occur. The reliance on private vendors raises concerns around equity as the technology may not be universally available and may not perform equally well for different populations. This report outlines best practices for government agencies to assess alternatives to biometric systems and mitigate privacy and equity risks associated with biometric data.