ProGov21 Policy Library

Governments are typically “insurers of last resort.” When disaster strikes, vulnerable communities turn to government agencies for support and recovery assistance. More recently, as the frequency and severity of different types of disasters have grown, the gap between insured losses...

Often the most cost-effective solutions to disaster risk are the ones available to communities prior to a disaster to protect against a loss occurring in the first place. Yet cities around the world are struggling to fund even basic infrastructure projects, let alone more complex...

State and local governments primarily issue bonds to pay for long term capital projects and longstanding infrastructure. This report provides an overview of tax-exempt bonds and other financing used by state and local governments and public entities. In particular, this report discusses...

This report outlines the process for issuing green municipal bonds; including earmarking funds, identifying eligible projects, setting up administrative and reporting systems, and arranging independent certifications. The report argues that green bonds are useful for allocating funds...

This paper offers a new approach for systematically linking catastrophe bonds and conventional project finance to support large-scale resilience projects. The following sections describe the RE.bound Program framework for catastrophe modeling, bond structuring, and bond sponsorship;...