ProGov21 Policy Library

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2016

Level City or Town

State(s) All States

Source Campaign Zero

Policy Areas Public Safety

This review examines the use of force policies of police departments in 91 of America’s 100 largest cities. Drawing from their findings, which show that police departments with stricter restrictions on use of force kill significantly fewer citizens, Campaign Zero proposes ten categories...

A Vermont Guide to Community Engagement with Local Police Departments

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2022

Level City or Town, State

State(s) Vermont

Source Vermont Interfaith Action

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Community Development, Public Safety

Excessive use of force by police on people of color, leading to death, trauma, and community distrust, remains a widespread issue. To address this, this guide recommends establishing civilian oversight of law enforcement to ensure accountability and equitable treatment. It emphasizes...

Policing + Transit

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) All States

Source Transit Center

Policy Areas Public Safety, Transportation & Mobility

Many transit agencies apply an overly punitive approach to minor transgressions. For example, this report argues that current methods of fare enforcement are too harsh. Fare evasion should be decriminalized, and the penalties should be made proportional to the severity of offense....

Roadmap to Reform: Strengthening the Accountability Mechanisms of the San Francisco Police Department

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2003

Level City or Town

State(s) California

Source American Civil Liberties Union of California

Policy Areas Democracy & Governance, Public Safety

This report addresses the broad problem of accountability within the San Francisco Police Department and outlines changes that can be made to build more effective systems of accountability. These changes include adopting stronger whistleblower protections, mandating compliance with...

2020 Seattle Ordinance 119803 Police Name Tags

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Washington

Source Seattle City Council

Policy Areas Public Safety

In 2000, the Seattle City Council passed legislation that requires police officers to wear unobscured name tags that display an officer’s first initial and last name. This ordinance amends the Seattle Municipal Code by prohibiting officers from using a mourning band to cover the serial...

The Perpetual Line-Up: Unregulated Police Face Recognition in America

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2016

Level City or Town, State, National

State(s) All States

Source Center on Privacy & Technology

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Public Safety, Data & Technology

Face recognition is the automated process of comparing two images of faces to determine whether they represent the same individual. Across the country, law enforcement performs face identification to identify individuals who refuse to identify themselves, compare mugshots against...

2020 Seattle Ordinance 126096 Prohibiting Use of Chokeholds by Police Officers

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Washington

Source Seattle City Council

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Public Safety

This ordinance prohibits the use of chokeholds by Seattle police officers and establishes penalties for violations of this prohibition. The ordinance also requires officers to intervene when they witness another officer using a chokehold and establishes a duty for officers to provide...

2012 New York City Initiative 801 Requiring Police Officers to Identify Themselves in Interactions

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2012

Level City or Town

State(s) New York

Source New York City Council

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Public Safety

The initiative requires all NYPD officers to identify themselves in every law enforcement related interaction. The initiative requires officers to state the reason for the contact and provide contact information for the civil review board when the contact does not end in arrest....

Recognizing the Threats: Congress Must Impose a Moratorium on Law enforcement Use of Facial Recognition Tech

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2021

Level National

State(s) All States

Source Center for Democracy & Technology

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Data & Technology

Law and immigration enforcement’s use of facial recognition technology presents many harmful consequences: it permits invasive tracking and targeting that threatens individual privacy, prevents First Amendment activities (i.e. political protests and religious activities), relies on...

Authorized Policing Technology (APT) Act

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) All States

Source New York University School of Law

Policy Areas Data & Technology, Public Safety

The purpose of this model law is to ensure accountability, public approval, and transparency, around policing technology. This act mandates that agency obtain written approval by the City Council or designated committee prior to using any new policing technology; that an agency most...

2020 Tampa Standard Operating Procedure 538 Response to Resistance

Type Executive Order

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Florida

Source City of Tampa

Policy Areas Public Safety

In response to Campaign Zero's "8 Can't-Wait" policies, the Tampa Police Department implemented a new Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that outlines acceptable responses to resistance, including requiring de-escalation, requiring a use-of-force continuum, and banning chokeholds....

Warrant Reform: Model Legislation

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2022

Level City or Town, County

State(s) All States

Source Campaign Zero

Policy Areas Public Safety

Comprehensive search warrant reforms are critical for reducing unnecessary violence and preventable deaths, as well as increasing accountability for officers’ misconduct. This model legislation bans municipalities from conducting “No Knock” search warrants except under extreme circumstances....

Preventing and Mitigating Police-Involved Violence

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2017

Level City or Town, County

State(s) All States

Source State Innovation Exchange

Policy Areas Economic Justice, Civil Rights, Democracy & Governance, Housing, Public Safety, Public Safety, Civil Rights

Alarming rates of police brutality and abuse of power persist across U.S. cities and states, with 987 people shot and killed by law enforcement officers in 2017 alone. Victims of police-involved violence are disproportionately people of color, and a quarter of victims struggle with...

2018 Providence Police Department Policy Requiring Electronic Recordings of Interrogations

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2018

Level City or Town

State(s) Rhode Island

Source Providence Police Department

Policy Areas Data & Technology, Public Safety

This policy requires all custodial interrogations of capital offense crimes to be electronically recorded at a place of detention that is under the control of the Providence Police Department. Its purpose is to ensure the constitutional rights of the interrogated suspects and to minimize...

Before the Bullet Hits the Body: Dismantling Predictive Policing in Los Angeles

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2018

Level City or Town

State(s) California

Source Stop LAPD Spying Coalition

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Data & Technology

Predictive policing refers to a range of policing practices that claim to use pre-existing demographic, environmental, and historic crime data to predict future patterns of crime as well as projecting “where crime will occur,” and “who” will commit crime. This method of policing has...

2020 Seattle Ordinance 119805 Banning Chemical Munitions

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Washington

Source Seattle City Council

Policy Areas Public Safety

This ordinance bans City departments from owning, purchasing, renting, or using crowd control weapons. “Crowd control weapons” consist of kinetic impact projectiles, chemical irritants, acoustic weapons, water cannons, or any device used to control crowds by causing pain or discomfort....

Reducing Officer-Involved Shootings in Fresno, CA

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2017

Level City or Town

State(s) California

Source American Civil Liberties Union of California

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Democracy & Governance, Public Safety

Police officers are authorized to use force in the line of duty to protect the public they serve. However, inappropriate use of this authority can erode trust between the police and the public and undermine the core mandate of the police to “protect and serve.” Between 2001 and 2016,...

Safety for All

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2021

Level City or Town

State(s) All States, California, Oregon

Source Transit Center

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Public Safety, Transportation & Mobility

Incidents of harassment, crime, and violence on or near mass transit compromise riders’ safety, degrade their experience, and reduce utilization. Historically, transit agencies have sought to use a police presence to create a sense of safety and security. While police help reduce...

2020 Madison Ordinance 61431 Prohibiting Carotids and Neck Restraints

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Wisconsin

Source The Common Council of the City of Madison

Policy Areas Public Safety

This ordinance prohibits Madison Police Department employees from intentionally using carotid or neck restraints, more commonly known as chokeholds....

Taking Stock: Milwaukee Police Department Policies and Protocols in the Context of National Reform

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2021

Level City or Town

State(s) Wisconsin

Source Wisconsin Policy Forum

Policy Areas Public Safety

In response to nationwide calls for police reform, this report analyzes how the Milwaukee Police Department (MPD) has altered their practices and conduct. It also compares the MPD to peer cities with regard to key protocols, practices, and policies. The reforms highlighted focus on...

How to Rethink the Policing Function

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2020

Level City or Town, National, State

State(s) All States

Source The Policing Project at NYU Law

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Democracy & Governance, Public Safety

Policing in its current form often fails to address social issues effectively, leading to stratified over-criminalization along socioeconomic lines. This report advocates for reimagining the policing function by establishing formal processes to evaluate community needs, reallocating...

A Roadmap for Exploring New Models of Funding Public Safety

Type Roadmap

Year 2023

Level City or Town

State(s) All States

Source AH Datalytics

Policy Areas Public Safety

Reallocating public safety resources to reduce the harmful overreach of law enforcement requires a strategic, community-centered approach. This roadmap recommends analyzing public safety service demands, identifying inefficiencies in police activity, and targeting investments to overburdened...

21st Century Policing: The Rise and Reach of Surveillance Technology

Type Policy Brief or Report

Year 2021

Level City or Town, State, National

State(s) All States

Source Community Resource Hub

Policy Areas Civil Rights, Community Development, Public Safety, Data & Technology

Police use of emerging surveillance technology, including facial recognition software, Stingray devices (transmitters which scan and collect data from cell phones), and social media monitors, has become increasingly popular across the United States. This report presents an overview...

2020 Madison Ordinance 61252 Demilitarizing Police

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Wisconsin

Source The Common Council of the City of Madison

Policy Areas Public Safety

This ordinance prohibits the Madison Police Department from obtaining certain items from the Defense Logistics Agency under the 1033, including tear gas, bayonets, grenade launchers, explosives, etc. Under this ordinance MPD is prohibited from using any individual item valued over...

2020 Madison Ordinance 61265 Investigating Police Usage of Chemical Munitions

Type Ordinance or Resolution

Year 2020

Level City or Town

State(s) Wisconsin

Source Madison Common Council

Policy Areas Public Safety

This proposed resolution requests a study of alternatives to the use of tear gas by the Madison Police Department (MPD). Upon receiving this study from the MPD, the Madison Common Council will review the findings, with careful attention to available de-escalation alternatives, and...

ProGov21 Policy Library

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