University of Wisconsin–Madison
Progressive Local Government
For the 21st Century

ProGov21 Policy Library

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Year
Not Ready For Takeoff: Face Scans at Airport Departure Gates
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2017
Level City or Town, National
State(s) Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Nevada, New York, Texas
Source Center on Privacy & Technology
Policy Areas Data & Technology
Travelers on certain international flights departing from Atlanta, Chicago, Las Vegas, Miami, New York City, Houston, and Washington, D.C., are having their faces scanned and compared to a Department of Homeland Security (DHS) biometric database to verify their identity. This report...
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Smart Enough Cities: Governments That Seek Mobility Data Must Respect Individual Privacy
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2020
Level City or Town, State
State(s) All States
Source Center for Democracy & Technology
Policy Areas Transportation & Mobility, Data & Technology
The rise of shared mobility services, including rideshare and micro-mobility options such as bicycles and electric scooters, poses new challenges for cities and states. They must manage new kinds of traffic, keep streets and sidewalks safe and accessible, and ensure that transportation...
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2020 Madison Ordinance 62413 Banning Facial Recognition Technology
Type Ordinance
Year 2020
Level City or Town
State(s) Wisconsin
Source The Common Council of the City of Madison
Policy Areas Data & Technology
Face surveillance is an automated process that assists in identifying an individual based on their facial characteristics. This ordinance prohibits city agencies, departments, and divisions from possessing a face surveillance system or accessing information derived from a face surveillance...
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The Perpetual Line-Up: Unregulated Police Face Recognition in America
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2016
Level City or Town, State, National
State(s) All States
Source Center on Privacy & Technology
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Public Safety, Data & Technology
Face recognition is the automated process of comparing two images of faces to determine whether they represent the same individual. Across the country, law enforcement performs face identification to identify individuals who refuse to identify themselves, compare mugshots against...
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Social Media Monitoring in K-12 Schools: Civil and Human Rights Concerns
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2019
Level City or Town, School District
State(s) All States
Source Center for Democracy & Technology
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Education, Data & Technology
Some schools and school districts are turning to social media monitoring as a response to the threat of mass shootings. Companies are marketing services claiming to identify sexual content and drug and alcohol use; prevent mass violence, self-harm, and bullying; and flag students...
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Fighting Local Surveillance
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2020
Level City or Town, County
State(s) All States
Source American Civil Liberties Union of California
Policy Areas Public Safety, Data & Technology
Surveillance technology such as drones, stingrays, and facial recognition software exacerbate discriminatory policing, suppress dissent, and facilitate harm to immigrants and people of color. This guide summarizes some lessons the American Civil Liberties Union of California has learned...
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Cameras in the Classroom: Facial Recognition Technology in Schools
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2020
Level State, School District, National
State(s) All States
Source University of Michigan: Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy
Policy Areas Education, Data & Technology
Facial recognition in schools risks amplifying and institutionalizing existing racial biases (resulting in disproportionate surveillance and humiliation of marginalized students), normalizing surveillance, and commodifying student data. This report strongly recommends that facial...
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Recognizing the Threats: Congress Must Impose a Moratorium on Law enforcement Use of Facial Recognition Tech
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2021
Level National
State(s) All States
Source Center for Democracy & Technology
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Data & Technology
Law and immigration enforcement’s use of facial recognition technology presents many harmful consequences: it permits invasive tracking and targeting that threatens individual privacy, prevents First Amendment activities (i.e. political protests and religious activities), relies on...
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Increasing Use of Genetic Data Requires New Privacy Considerations
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2019
Level State
State(s) All States
Source Journal of Science Policy & Governance
Policy Areas Health, Data & Technology
This report highlights the need to standardize privacy policy in cases of genetic information as genetic data become more common. The Genetic Information Discrimination Act of 2008 (GINA) created privacy and regulation to how employers or insurers could view or request an individual’s...
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Consumers, Big Data, and Online Tracking in the Retail Industry: A Case Study of Walmart
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2020
Level National, State
State(s) All States
Source Media Justice
Policy Areas Data & Technology, Public Safety
This report examines the many ways in which consumers' information is gathered online and then used to profile and advertise to them, using Walmart as a case study. It highlights specific strategies being used by Walmart to gather information on consumers, discusses the lack of effective...
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Do Not Track: A Guide to Data Privacy for New Transit Fare Media
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2021
Level City or Town
State(s) All States
Source Transit Center
Policy Areas Transportation & Mobility, Data & Technology
Public transit agencies nationwide are offering new payment options, but many of these methods have the potential to significantly increase the personal data collected by transit agencies and their private subcontractors. Once collected, the data can be accessed by other government...
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Warning: Bossware May Be Hazardous to Your Health
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2021
Level State, National
State(s) All States
Source Center for Democracy & Technology
Policy Areas Health, Data & Technology
Bossware refers to systems that closely monitor and actively manage workers’ activities and performance. In particular, modern worker monitoring technologies (i.e. sensors and cameras that track workers’ physical movements, handheld scanners scanners that track each item a warehouse...
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Preventing Surveillance Cities: Developing a Set of Fundamental Privacy Provisions
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2019
Level City or Town, State
State(s) All States
Source Journal of Science Policy & Governance
Policy Areas Public Safety, Data & Technology
This report explores five privacy provisions to mitigate the harms associated with exploiting smart city-data. The policy proposals include differentiating personally identifiable smart city data from de-identified data, creating a warrant requirement for personally identifiable smart...
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Austin’s Big Secret: How Big Tech and Surveillance Are Increasing Policing
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2020
Level City or Town
State(s) Texas
Source Mijente
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Data & Technology
This brief examines the relationship between tech companies, city projects, and increases in policing and surveillance of Austin residents. It begins by analyzing local policing initiatives like the Austin Regional Intelligence Center and noting contracts held by local law enforcement...
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Virtual Justice: Online Courts During COVID-19
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2020
Level City or Town, County, State, National
State(s) All States
Source Surveillance Technology Oversight Project
Policy Areas Data & Technology
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, courts at all levels, from local trial courts to the Supreme Court of the United States, have conducted legal proceedings using teleconferencing remote technology. This report outlines how remote hearings and trials have the potential to cause...
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21st Century Policing: The Rise and Reach of Surveillance Technology
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year 2021
Level City or Town, State, National
State(s) All States
Source Community Resource Hub
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Community Development, Public Safety, Data & Technology
Police use of emerging surveillance technology, including facial recognition software, Stingray devices (transmitters which scan and collect data from cell phones), and social media monitors, has become increasingly popular across the United States. This report presents an overview...
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Local Police Surveillance Technology
Type Policy Brief or Report
Year -
Level City or Town
State(s) All States
Source Local Progress
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Data & Technology, Democracy & Governance, Public Safety
As the capabilities of surveillance technology develop, law enforcement's ability to surveil citizens' movement, communication, and ideas also advances. In order to protect citizens' safety, the Center for Popular Democracy and the ACLU launched the Community Control Over Police Surveillance...
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2012 New York City Ordinance 857 Prohibiting Consumer Credit History Discrimination
Type Ordinance
Year 2012
Level City or Town
State(s) New York
Source The New York City Council
Policy Areas Economic Justice, Civil Rights
This ordinance deems it unlawful for an employer, labor organization, employment agency, or licensing agency to discriminate against an applicant or an employee with regard to hiring, termination, promotion, and compensation based on their consumer credit history. “Consumer credit...
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2022 New York City Ordinance 0466-2022 Prohibiting Use of City Resources for Abortion Enforcement
Type Ordinance
Year 2022
Level City or Town
State(s) New York
Source New York City Council
Policy Areas Civil Rights, Health
This ordinance prohibits the use of city resources to enforce abortion restrictions. In particular, city resources may not be utilized to detain abortion providers or to cooperate or provide information to individuals or out-of-state agencies that would confirm, deny, or identify...
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Local Governments Now Required to Have Data-Sharing Agreements
Type Article
Year -
Level City or Town, County, State
State(s) Washington
Source Municipal Services and Research Center of Washington
Policy Areas Data & Technology, Democracy & Governance
This article outlines data categories and explains a new statewide requirement for local governments to develop data sharing agreements. It recommends that local governments work with their legal counsel to develop these agreements and features links to other potentially relevant...
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