Transgender older adults face many challenges, such as the inability to access healthcare, disproportionate experiences of violence, high rates of HIV/AIDS, employment and housing discrimination, and other physical and mental health related issues. While there are policies and programs in place to help older populations cope with these issues, and help support their successful aging, there are significant social, economic, and service barriers preventing transgender elders from receiving the care that they need. This report includes a detailed literature review on the issues transgender elders face, profiles of the experiences of transgender elders around the country, and more than 60 concrete recommendations for policymakers and practitioners to help improve the lives of transgender older adults.

Many children of color and children from low-income families enter kindergarten without the academic skills they need to succeed; these disparities in skills early on likely contribute to later achievement gaps observed during elementary school, for children who enter kindergarten already behind are unlikely to catch up. Using empirical evidence, this report suggests that implementing a high-quality universal, publicly funded, pre-k program would significantly enhance children’s development, reduce achievement gaps at kindergarten entry, and even have long-term benefits for children’s long-term school trajectories.